Winogradskyella crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from an oyster (Crassostrea gigas)

A Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated TYO-19^T, was isolated from an oyster collected from the South Sea in South Korea, and was subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Strain TYO-19^T grew optimally at 30°C, at pH7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 1.0–2.0% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TYO-19^T belonged to the genusWinogradskyella, clustering coherently with the type strain of Winogradskyella epiphytica. Strain TYO-19^T exhibited a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 99.7% to W. epiphytica KMM 3906^T and 94.2–96.9% to the type strains of other species of the genusWinogradskyella. Strain TYO-19^T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C_15:1 G, iso-C_17:0 3-OH, iso-C_15:0 and anteiso-C_15:0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected in strain TYO-19^Twere phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 39.0mol% and the mean DNA–DNA relatedness value with the type strain of W. epiphytica was 59±4.3%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain TYO-19^T is separated from recognized species of the genus Winogradskyella. On the basis of the data presented, strain TYO-19^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Winogradskyella, for which the name Winogradskyella crassostreae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TYO-19^T (=KCTC 42462^T=NBRC 110924^T).