Weight Change and Obesity Are Associated with a Risk of Adenoma Recurrence

Background: Obesity is reportedly a risk factor for colorectal adenoma. However, the influence of weight change and obesity on colorectal adenoma recurrence is unclear. Aim: To investigate whether weight change and obesity are associated with recurrence and development of colorectal adenoma. Patients and Methods: Of 62,171 asymptomatic subjects who underwent a colonoscopy for a heath checkup between 2010 and 2011, this longitudinal study was performed with the 5297 subjects who underwent another colonoscopy between 2012 and 2013. The risk of recurrence or development of adenoma according to quartiles of weight change (<−1.6, −1.6 to 0.1, 0.2–1.8, and ≥1.9 kg) and baseline BMI categories (<25, 25–29, and ≥30 kg/m²) was assessed using Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results: The average period between visits 1 and 2 was 2.2 ± 0.6 years. Among the 2176 subjects with adenomas, the risk of recurrence of any adenoma increased with increasing weight change quartiles (p for trend = 0.030), whereas the risk of recurrence of advanced adenoma was not associated with weight change (p for trend = 0.852). The risk of recurrence of advanced adenoma increased with increasing baseline BMI categories (p for trend = 0.029). Among 3121 subjects with no adenoma, the risk of developing any adenoma increased with increasing baseline BMI categories (p for trend <0.001). However, the risk of developing any or advanced adenoma was not associated with weight change. Conclusions: Weight change over 2.2 years affected adenoma recurrence and obesity was related to advanced adenoma recurrence and adenoma development.