Uterine artery embolization for emergent management of postpartum hemorrhage associated with placenta accreta

Background: Although uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a well-recognized alternative treatment for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) with a high clinical efficacy, the reported success rate of UAE for PPH associated with placenta accreta (PA) is lower. Recently, with advances in techniques and expertise, a few studies have reported favorable results of UAE in controlling PPH in the setting of PA. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of UAE in the emergent management of intractable PPH associated with PA. Material and Methods: Seventeen consecutive patients who underwent emergent UAE for the management of PPH associated with PA were included in this retrospective study. Medical records were reviewed regarding the delivery and UAE procedure. Follow-up gynecologic outcomes after UAE were obtained by telephone interview. Results: UAE successfully controlled PPH in 14 patients (82.4%). Three patients underwent hysterectomy after UAE failed to stop the bleeding. All hysterectomy cases were accompanied by uterine atony or total placenta previa. Relevant gynecologic findings were obtained from 10 patients; three patients were breastfeeding and seven patients resumed normal menstruation, including one pregnancy. Conclusion: UAE appears to be a safe and effective means by which to control PPH associated with PA. PA complicated by uterine atony or placenta previa may be at increased risk of UAE failure.