The global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel diseases, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019

Background: In recent years, the global epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has changed rapidly. Aims: We described the updated global IBD epidemiology results based on the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD). Methods: We estimated the prevalence rate, death rate, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from GBD 2019 in 195 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019. Results: The crude prevalence of IBD increased by 47% in 2019 globally. Accordingly, the age-standardized prevalence rate showed 19% decrease. The age-standardized death rates, YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs of IBD in 2019 decreased compared to those in 1990. The annual percentage change in age-standardized prevalence rate decreased most in United States and increased in East Asia and high-income Asia Pacific from 1990 to 2019. Continents with high socioeconomic index (SDI) had higher age-standardized prevalence rates compared to continents with low SDI. The 2019 age-standardized prevalence rate of high latitudes was higher than that of low latitudes in Asia, Europe, and North America. Conclusion: The observed trends and geographic variations in IBD documented in the 2019 GBD study will aid policymakers in policy, research, and investment development.