Surgical resection of cavernous angiomas located in eloquent areas - Clinical research

In patients with lesions at the eloquent areas, the aim of surgical interventions should be a more radical removal of the lesions with preservation of brain function. In this retrospective study, our techniques for localizing lesion and the postoperative results of 26 patients with cavernous angiomas (CA) located at the eloquent areas are summarized. The MR based 3D-rendering images were reconstructed from the 2D MR images by using a computerized program. These images were obtained in all patients for the localization of their lesion. Following craniotomy, to verify the actual location of lesions, we compared the 3D-image to the exposed cortical surface. Simultaneously, intraoperative ultrasonogram (IOUS) was used for the accurate localization of the lesion. In order to minimize the damage to the eloquent area, the minimal corticotomy was planned at the margin of the sulcus nearest to the lesion. An accurate localization of the lesion was possible in all 26 patients and the eloquent areas near the lesions were identified on the operation field. Complete removal of the CAs was done in all cases. One patient developed temporary monoparesis postoperatively, but the patient fully recovered in a month. Fourteen patients presented with preoperative seizures, and all patients had excellent seizure outcome after their surgery. The mean duration of the follow-up period was 27 months. We could localize the lesion accurately using MRI 3D-rendering images and IOUS during the operation for CA. We planned minimal corticotomy to the lesion and we completely removed the lesion without causing any additional neurological deficit. Although CA can be located in eloquent areas, surgical removal of these lesions is a safe and effective treatment option for lowering the risk of developing symptoms and controlling the seizure.