Risk Prediction Model of In-hospital Mortality in Patients With Myocardial Infarction Treated With Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Introduction and objectives: There are limited data to develop a risk prediction model of in-hospital mortality for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients treated with venoarterial (VA)-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We aimed to develop a risk prediction model for in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI who were treated with VA-ECMO. Methods: A total of 145 patients with AMI who underwent VA-ECMO between May 2004 and April 2016 were included from the Samsung Medical Center ECMO registry. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. To develop a new predictive scoring system, named the AMI-ECMO score, backward stepwise elimination and β coefficient-based scoring were used based on logistic regression analyses. The leave-one-out cross-validation method was performed for internal validation. Results: In-hospital mortality occurred in 69 patients (47.6%). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, the AMI-ECMO score comprised 6 pre-ECMO or angiographic parameters: age > 65 years, body mass index > 25 kg/m², Glasgow coma score < 6, lactic acid > 8 mmol/L, anterior wall infarction, and no or failed revascularization. The C-statistic value of AMI-ECMO score for predicting in-hospital mortality was 0.880 (95%CI, 0.820-0.940). The incidence of in-hospital mortality after VA-ECMO insertion was 6.2%, 28.1%, 51.6%, and 93.8% for AMI-ECMO score quartiles (0 to 16, 17 to 19, 20 to 26, and > 26), respectively (P <.001 for trend). The AMI-ECMO scores were also significantly associated with the estimated rate of all-cause mortality during follow-up (per 1 increase, HR, 1.11; 95%CI, 1.08-1.14; P <.001). Conclusions: The AMI-ECMO score can help predict early prognosis in AMI patients who undergo VA-ECMO. Full English text available from:www.revespcardiol.org/en