Reduced port laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection

In the past decade, single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) has shown acceptable results in a number of surgical interventions including colorectal procedures for benign and malignant diseases. However, the acceptance of SILS in the lower rectum has been hampered by its technical difficulties and concern over oncological outcome. More recently, increased experience, safety, and feasibility of SILS for rectal lesions in short-term outcomes have started to be reported. Many of them adopted an additional port for traction or transection of the rectum in the case of a very low rectal lesion, which is generally called “reduced port laparoscopic surgery.” SILS or reduced port laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection (RPLAPR) is a relatively new technique in the minimally invasive surgery era, and there are only a few reports on this topic. In this chapter, we introduce the surgical technique of SILS or RPLAPR in our center and short-term outcomes with a literature review.