Recent Advances in 3D Bioprinted Tumor Microenvironment

Tumors in vivo exist in a microenvironment, so-called tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes peripheral blood vessels, immune cells, fibroblasts, signalling molecules and extracellular matrix. In recent years, considerable efforts have been focused on developing bioprinting methods because 3D bioprinting can better recapitulate TMEs by accurately printing different types of TME cells in spatially localised regions. In this review, we first introduce TME and 3D bioprinting methods and later discuss bioprinted TMEs as tumor equivalents for understanding tumor biology as well as testing drug efficacy.