Photochemical Retinopathy induced by blue light emitted from a light-emitting diode Face Mask: A case report and literature review

Rationale:Skin photobiomodulation involves the use of low doses of light of a specific wavelength to reduce skin inflammation and promote tissue repair. Recently, a face mask using a light-emitting diode (LED) to induce photobiomodulation has been widely introduced in the market. However, a short wavelength of high-energy blue light can cause retinal damage. We would like to report a rare case of photochemical retinopathy after using a blue LED face mask.Patient concerns:A 37-year-old woman presented with complaints of distorted vision. The patient was exposed to blue light from an LED face mask 1 month before presentation.Diagnosis:Color fundus photography revealed a yellowish chorioretinal lesion and optical coherence tomography revealed retinal pigment epithelium destruction in the parafoveal area. Fluorescein angiography revealed leakage from the lesion at the parafovea. The patient was diagnosed with blue LED-induced photochemical retinopathy.Interventions:Intravitreal bevacizumab was injected in the right eye.Outcomes:After 4 weeks, dysmorphopsia was improved.Lessons:This case report demonstrates that retinal damage can occur in humans due to prolonged exposure to blue light. Therefore, it is important to be wary of eye exposure and ensure the eyes are covered during LED face mask use.