Phenolic glycosides from the twigs of Salix glandulosa

As a part of an ongoing search for bioactive constituents from Korean medicinal plants, the phytochemical investigations of the twigs of Salix glandulosa afforded 12 new phenolic glycosides (1-12) and a known analogue (13). The structures of 1-13 were characterized by a combination of NMR methods (¹H and ¹³C NMR, ¹H-¹H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC), chemical hydrolysis, and GC/MS. The absolute configuration of 13 [(1R,2S)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl-2′-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-β-d- glucopyranoside] was determined for the first time. Compounds 1-3, 6, and 7 exhibited inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide- activated murine microglial cells (IC₅₀ values in the range 6.6-20.5 μM).