Perspectives on self, relationships, and social engagement: siblings of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities

Objectives: This study explored perspectives on self, relationships, and social engagement among siblings of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in South Korea. Methods: Discussions among seven Korean participants aged 22 to 31 were analyzed with a focus on their perceived changes. Guided by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, thematic analysis identified 10 subthemes within three overarching themes: personal growth and inner journey, relational awareness, and social engagement and navigation. Results: Siblings of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities described significant personal growth, characterized by embracing imperfection, cultivating resilience, and fostering self-acceptance. Many said they found unexpected comfort and meaning in the simplicity of daily life, which contributed to a deeper sense of emotional balance. These transformative experiences gradually reshaped their interpersonal relationships, shifting from longstanding feelings of emotional burden and obligation toward greater autonomy, emotional independence, and more reciprocal, empathetic connections. Participants also reported a heightened awareness of societal biases and ableist assumptions, which prompted them to critically reflect on their beliefs and attitudes. Through this process, they developed more inclusive and socially conscious perspectives. Conclusions: Findings highlight the need for targeted interventions that support both personal development and relational resilience among siblings of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities.