Observation of the Crab Nebula and Galactic Center with the improved HAWC reconstruction algorithm

Sohyoun Yun-Cárcamo; A. Albert; R. Alfaro; C. Alvarez; A. Andrés; J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez; D. Avila Rojas; H. A. Ayala Solares; R. Babu; E. Belmont-Moreno; K. S. Caballero-Mora; T. Capistrán; S. Yun-Cárcamo; A. Carramiñana; F. Carreón; U. Cotti; J. Cotzomi; S. Coutiño de León; E. De la Fuente; D. Depaoli; C. de León; R. Diaz Hernandez; J. C. Díaz-Vélez; B. L. Dingus; M. Durocher; M. A. DuVernois; K. Engel; C. Espinoza; K. L. Fan; K. Fang; N. I. Fraija; J. A. García-González; F. Garfias; H. Goksu; M. M. González; J. A. Goodman; S. Groetsch; J. P. Harding; S. Hernandez; I. Herzog; J. Hinton; D. Huang; F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla; P. Hüntemeyer; A. Iriarte; V. Joshi; S. Kaufmann; D. Kieda; A. Lara; J. Lee; W. H. Lee; H. León Vargas; J. Linnemann; A. L. Longinotti; G. Luis-Raya; K. Malone; J. Martínez-Castro; J. A.J. Matthews; P. Miranda-Romagnoli; J. Montes; J. A. Morales-Soto; M. Mostafá; L. Nellen; M. U. Nisa; R. Noriega-Papaqui; L. Olivera-Nieto; N. Omodei; Y. Pérez Araujo; E. G. Pérez-Pérez; A. Pratts; C. D. Rho; D. Rosa-Gonzalez; E. Ruiz-Velasco; H. Salazar; D. Salazar-Gallegos; A. Sandoval; M. Schneider; G. Schwefer; J. Serna-Franco; A. J. Smith; Y. Son; R. W. Springer; O. Tibolla; K. Tollefson; I. Torres; R. Torres-Escobedo; R. Turner; F. Ureña-Mena; E. Varela; L. Villaseñor; X. Wang; I. J. Watson; F. Werner; K. Whitaker; E. Willox; H. Wu; H. Zhou

Observation of the Crab Nebula and Galactic Center with the improved HAWC reconstruction algorithm

Sohyoun Yun-Cárcamo
, A. Albert
, R. Alfaro
, C. Alvarez
, A. Andrés
, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez
, D. Avila Rojas
, H. A. Ayala Solares
, R. Babu
, E. Belmont-Moreno
, K. S. Caballero-Mora
, T. Capistrán
, S. Yun-Cárcamo
, A. Carramiñana
, F. Carreón
, U. Cotti
, J. Cotzomi
, S. Coutiño de León
, E. De la Fuente
, D. Depaoli

C. de León, R. Diaz Hernandez, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, B. L. Dingus, M. Durocher, M. A. DuVernois, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, K. Fang, N. I. Fraija, J. A. García-González, F. Garfias, H. Goksu, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, S. Hernandez, I. Herzog, J. Hinton, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P. Hüntemeyer, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, D. Kieda, A. Lara, J. Lee, W. H. Lee, H. León Vargas, J. Linnemann, A. L. Longinotti, G. Luis-Raya, K. Malone, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A.J. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, J. Montes, J. A. Morales-Soto, M. Mostafá, L. Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, L. Olivera-Nieto, N. Omodei, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez-Pérez, A. Pratts, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-Gonzalez, E. Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, G. Schwefer, J. Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, E. Varela, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, I. J. Watson, F. Werner, K. Whitaker, E. Willox, H. Wu, H. Zhou

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

The performance of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma-ray Observatory (HAWC) is mainly shaped by its event reconstruction methodologies, which take as input only the footprint left on the ground by the air shower. We discuss here the revamped reconstruction algorithms, including noise suppression cleaning, a refined core reconstruction method using simulations to fit hit observation, addressing systematic error sources in direction reconstruction, and a new gamma/hadron separation approach based on a more accurate model. As a result, HAWC’s angular resolution and gamma/hadron separation reach an improvement of a factor of 2 and 3, respectively, at the highest energies for highly inclined showers and can now observe the Galactic Center at a significance of over 5σ. Furthermore, we verify the overall performance improvement by observing the Crab Nebula as a reference source which we observe at 250σ using 2434 days of data.

Original language	English
Article number	697
Journal	Proceedings of Science
Volume	444
State	Published - 27 Sep 2024
Event	38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023 - Nagoya, Japan Duration: 26 Jul 2023 → 3 Aug 2023

Cite this

Yun-Cárcamo, S., Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Andrés, A., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Avila Rojas, D., Ayala Solares, H. A., Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Yun-Cárcamo, S., Carramiñana, A., Carreón, F., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., Coutiño de León, S., De la Fuente, E., ... Zhou, H. (2024). Observation of the Crab Nebula and Galactic Center with the improved HAWC reconstruction algorithm. Proceedings of Science, 444, Article 697.

@article{00c7bab6f47f409387cec264ea0968c2,

title = "Observation of the Crab Nebula and Galactic Center with the improved HAWC reconstruction algorithm",

abstract = "The performance of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma-ray Observatory (HAWC) is mainly shaped by its event reconstruction methodologies, which take as input only the footprint left on the ground by the air shower. We discuss here the revamped reconstruction algorithms, including noise suppression cleaning, a refined core reconstruction method using simulations to fit hit observation, addressing systematic error sources in direction reconstruction, and a new gamma/hadron separation approach based on a more accurate model. As a result, HAWC{\textquoteright}s angular resolution and gamma/hadron separation reach an improvement of a factor of 2 and 3, respectively, at the highest energies for highly inclined showers and can now observe the Galactic Center at a significance of over 5σ. Furthermore, we verify the overall performance improvement by observing the Crab Nebula as a reference source which we observe at 250σ using 2434 days of data.",

author = "Sohyoun Yun-C{\'a}rcamo and A. Albert and R. Alfaro and C. Alvarez and A. Andr{\'e}s and Arteaga-Vel{\'a}zquez, \{J. C.\} and \{Avila Rojas\}, D. and \{Ayala Solares\}, \{H. A.\} and R. Babu and E. Belmont-Moreno and Caballero-Mora, \{K. S.\} and T. Capistr{\'a}n and S. Yun-C{\'a}rcamo and A. Carrami{\~n}ana and F. Carre{\'o}n and U. Cotti and J. Cotzomi and \{Couti{\~n}o de Le{\'o}n\}, S. and \{De la Fuente\}, E. and D. Depaoli and \{de Le{\'o}n\}, C. and \{Diaz Hernandez\}, R. and D{\'i}az-V{\'e}lez, \{J. C.\} and Dingus, \{B. L.\} and M. Durocher and DuVernois, \{M. A.\} and K. Engel and C. Espinoza and Fan, \{K. L.\} and K. Fang and Fraija, \{N. I.\} and Garc{\'i}a-Gonz{\'a}lez, \{J. A.\} and F. Garfias and H. Goksu and Gonz{\'a}lez, \{M. M.\} and Goodman, \{J. A.\} and S. Groetsch and Harding, \{J. P.\} and S. Hernandez and I. Herzog and J. Hinton and D. Huang and F. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla and P. H{\"u}ntemeyer and A. Iriarte and V. Joshi and S. Kaufmann and D. Kieda and A. Lara and J. Lee and Lee, \{W. H.\} and \{Le{\'o}n Vargas\}, H. and J. Linnemann and Longinotti, \{A. L.\} and G. Luis-Raya and K. Malone and J. Mart{\'i}nez-Castro and Matthews, \{J. A.J.\} and P. Miranda-Romagnoli and J. Montes and Morales-Soto, \{J. A.\} and M. Mostaf{\'a} and L. Nellen and Nisa, \{M. U.\} and R. Noriega-Papaqui and L. Olivera-Nieto and N. Omodei and \{P{\'e}rez Araujo\}, Y. and P{\'e}rez-P{\'e}rez, \{E. G.\} and A. Pratts and Rho, \{C. D.\} and D. Rosa-Gonzalez and E. Ruiz-Velasco and H. Salazar and D. Salazar-Gallegos and A. Sandoval and M. Schneider and G. Schwefer and J. Serna-Franco and Smith, \{A. J.\} and Y. Son and Springer, \{R. W.\} and O. Tibolla and K. Tollefson and I. Torres and R. Torres-Escobedo and R. Turner and F. Ure{\~n}a-Mena and E. Varela and L. Villase{\~n}or and X. Wang and Watson, \{I. J.\} and F. Werner and K. Whitaker and E. Willox and H. Wu and H. Zhou",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.; 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023 ; Conference date: 26-07-2023 Through 03-08-2023",

year = "2024",

month = sep,

day = "27",

language = "English",

volume = "444",

journal = "Proceedings of Science",

issn = "1824-8039",

publisher = "Sissa Medialab Srl",

}

Yun-Cárcamo, S, Albert, A, Alfaro, R, Alvarez, C, Andrés, A, Arteaga-Velázquez, JC, Avila Rojas, D, Ayala Solares, HA, Babu, R, Belmont-Moreno, E, Caballero-Mora, KS, Capistrán, T, Yun-Cárcamo, S, Carramiñana, A, Carreón, F, Cotti, U, Cotzomi, J, Coutiño de León, S, De la Fuente, E, Depaoli, D, de León, C, Diaz Hernandez, R, Díaz-Vélez, JC, Dingus, BL, Durocher, M, DuVernois, MA, Engel, K, Espinoza, C, Fan, KL, Fang, K, Fraija, NI, García-González, JA, Garfias, F, Goksu, H, González, MM, Goodman, JA, Groetsch, S, Harding, JP, Hernandez, S, Herzog, I, Hinton, J, Huang, D, Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F, Hüntemeyer, P, Iriarte, A, Joshi, V, Kaufmann, S, Kieda, D, Lara, A, Lee, J, Lee, WH, León Vargas, H, Linnemann, J, Longinotti, AL, Luis-Raya, G, Malone, K, Martínez-Castro, J, Matthews, JAJ, Miranda-Romagnoli, P, Montes, J, Morales-Soto, JA, Mostafá, M, Nellen, L, Nisa, MU, Noriega-Papaqui, R, Olivera-Nieto, L, Omodei, N, Pérez Araujo, Y, Pérez-Pérez, EG, Pratts, A, Rho, CD, Rosa-Gonzalez, D, Ruiz-Velasco, E, Salazar, H, Salazar-Gallegos, D, Sandoval, A, Schneider, M, Schwefer, G, Serna-Franco, J, Smith, AJ, Son, Y, Springer, RW, Tibolla, O, Tollefson, K, Torres, I, Torres-Escobedo, R, Turner, R, Ureña-Mena, F, Varela, E, Villaseñor, L, Wang, X, Watson, IJ, Werner, F, Whitaker, K, Willox, E, Wu, H & Zhou, H 2024, 'Observation of the Crab Nebula and Galactic Center with the improved HAWC reconstruction algorithm', Proceedings of Science, vol. 444, 697.

TY - JOUR

T1 - Observation of the Crab Nebula and Galactic Center with the improved HAWC reconstruction algorithm

AU - Yun-Cárcamo, Sohyoun

AU - Albert, A.

AU - Alfaro, R.

AU - Alvarez, C.

AU - Andrés, A.

AU - Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.

AU - Avila Rojas, D.

AU - Ayala Solares, H. A.

AU - Babu, R.

AU - Belmont-Moreno, E.

AU - Caballero-Mora, K. S.

AU - Capistrán, T.

AU - Yun-Cárcamo, S.

AU - Carramiñana, A.

AU - Carreón, F.

AU - Cotti, U.

AU - Cotzomi, J.

AU - Coutiño de León, S.

AU - De la Fuente, E.

AU - Depaoli, D.

AU - de León, C.

AU - Diaz Hernandez, R.

AU - Díaz-Vélez, J. C.

AU - Dingus, B. L.

AU - Durocher, M.

AU - DuVernois, M. A.

AU - Engel, K.

AU - Espinoza, C.

AU - Fan, K. L.

AU - Fang, K.

AU - Fraija, N. I.

AU - García-González, J. A.

AU - Garfias, F.

AU - Goksu, H.

AU - González, M. M.

AU - Goodman, J. A.

AU - Groetsch, S.

AU - Harding, J. P.

AU - Hernandez, S.

AU - Herzog, I.

AU - Hinton, J.

AU - Huang, D.

AU - Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F.

AU - Hüntemeyer, P.

AU - Iriarte, A.

AU - Joshi, V.

AU - Kaufmann, S.

AU - Kieda, D.

AU - Lara, A.

AU - Lee, J.

AU - Lee, W. H.

AU - León Vargas, H.

AU - Linnemann, J.

AU - Longinotti, A. L.

AU - Luis-Raya, G.

AU - Malone, K.

AU - Martínez-Castro, J.

AU - Matthews, J. A.J.

AU - Miranda-Romagnoli, P.

AU - Montes, J.

AU - Morales-Soto, J. A.

AU - Mostafá, M.

AU - Nellen, L.

AU - Nisa, M. U.

AU - Noriega-Papaqui, R.

AU - Olivera-Nieto, L.

AU - Omodei, N.

AU - Pérez Araujo, Y.

AU - Pérez-Pérez, E. G.

AU - Pratts, A.

AU - Rho, C. D.

AU - Rosa-Gonzalez, D.

AU - Ruiz-Velasco, E.

AU - Salazar, H.

AU - Salazar-Gallegos, D.

AU - Sandoval, A.

AU - Schneider, M.

AU - Schwefer, G.

AU - Serna-Franco, J.

AU - Smith, A. J.

AU - Son, Y.

AU - Springer, R. W.

AU - Tibolla, O.

AU - Tollefson, K.

AU - Torres, I.

AU - Torres-Escobedo, R.

AU - Turner, R.

AU - Ureña-Mena, F.

AU - Varela, E.

AU - Villaseñor, L.

AU - Wang, X.

AU - Watson, I. J.

AU - Werner, F.

AU - Whitaker, K.

AU - Willox, E.

AU - Wu, H.

AU - Zhou, H.

PY - 2024/9/27

Y1 - 2024/9/27

N2 - The performance of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma-ray Observatory (HAWC) is mainly shaped by its event reconstruction methodologies, which take as input only the footprint left on the ground by the air shower. We discuss here the revamped reconstruction algorithms, including noise suppression cleaning, a refined core reconstruction method using simulations to fit hit observation, addressing systematic error sources in direction reconstruction, and a new gamma/hadron separation approach based on a more accurate model. As a result, HAWC’s angular resolution and gamma/hadron separation reach an improvement of a factor of 2 and 3, respectively, at the highest energies for highly inclined showers and can now observe the Galactic Center at a significance of over 5σ. Furthermore, we verify the overall performance improvement by observing the Crab Nebula as a reference source which we observe at 250σ using 2434 days of data.

AB - The performance of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma-ray Observatory (HAWC) is mainly shaped by its event reconstruction methodologies, which take as input only the footprint left on the ground by the air shower. We discuss here the revamped reconstruction algorithms, including noise suppression cleaning, a refined core reconstruction method using simulations to fit hit observation, addressing systematic error sources in direction reconstruction, and a new gamma/hadron separation approach based on a more accurate model. As a result, HAWC’s angular resolution and gamma/hadron separation reach an improvement of a factor of 2 and 3, respectively, at the highest energies for highly inclined showers and can now observe the Galactic Center at a significance of over 5σ. Furthermore, we verify the overall performance improvement by observing the Crab Nebula as a reference source which we observe at 250σ using 2434 days of data.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85212255984

M3 - Conference article

AN - SCOPUS:85212255984

SN - 1824-8039

VL - 444

JO - Proceedings of Science

JF - Proceedings of Science

M1 - 697

T2 - 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

Y2 - 26 July 2023 through 3 August 2023

ER -

Observation of the Crab Nebula and Galactic Center with the improved HAWC reconstruction algorithm

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