Network evolution and cultivation patterns during the internationalization process: Case analyses from Korean SMEs

Integrating network and institutional perspectives, we explore patterns of network development and cultivation in SMEs during the internationalization process. Case analysis of thirteen Korean SMEs from the consumer-goods sector reveals that the firms extensively utilize strong and weak networks, in both social and business categories, at each phase of internationalization, albeit in different ways. Weak business networks over the process of internationalization may be maintained, grow stronger, or evolve into social networks, influenced by country-specific institutional contexts. The findings provide evidence of change in network type and strength, conferring an evolutionary perspective on network development.