Multilevel luminance control in solution processed tandem organic multistable light-emitting diode fabricated by a stamp transfer printing method

A solution processed organic multistable light-emitting diode was developed by devising a tandem device structure combining the organic memory unit and organic light-emitting diode unit using a metal interlayer. A transfer printing method was used to fabricate the organic memory unit of the tandem structure and a well-defined organic layer structure could be obtained using the stamp transfer printing process. The organic multistable light-emitting diode showed the nonvolatile multistable current state of the organic memory and corresponding nonvolatile multistable luminance state. The luminance could be simply managed just simply changing the writing voltage of the organic multistable light-emitting diodes without changing the operating voltage of the device and multilevel luminance control of the organic multistable light-emitting diode was realized. A high on/off ratio over 1000, luminance control over 300 cd/m² and four level luminance control could be stably achieved at 7 V.