Manufacture Details of a SWGO Double-Layer Tank Design - Water Cherenkov Detector Prototype

SWGO Collaboration

Manufacture Details of a SWGO Double-Layer Tank Design - Water Cherenkov Detector Prototype

SWGO Collaboration

Department of Physics

Adelaide University
University of Maryland, College Park
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas
University of Lisbon
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Universidad de La Serena
Universidad Autonoma de Chiapas
University of Science and Technology of China
Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
National Institute for Nuclear Physics
Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco
Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica
Pennsylvania State University
Czech Academy of Sciences
Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas
Universidade de São Paulo
University of Padua
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Universidad Nacional San Agustín de Arequipa
University of Rochester
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
National Institute for Astrophysics
University of Warsaw
University of Rome Tor Vergata
Universidad Nacional de Salta
CAS - Institute of High Energy Physics
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria
Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electronica
Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Peru
Instituto Politécnico Nacional
University of Naples Federico II
University of Turin
Polytechnic University of Milan

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Water-Cherenkov detectors (WCD) have been manufactured in Australia by the company AQUAMATE as part of the RD activities for SWGO. They consist of a steel tank frame with a bladder on its interior satisfying the SWGO double-layer tank design. Tanks and bladders have been custom designed to optimally accommodate the bladder inside the tank and with minimal material usage. They are delivered in compact boxes that are easy to transport. These boxes are designed to fit 24 tanks in a 20-foot container. The double-layer tank design has introduced new features to improve the discrimination between gamma-rays and cosmic rays. Some of these features created challenges for the manufacturing. Some units have been delivered to one of Peru’s candidate sites at 4800 m and to Mexico (the HAWC Observatory, 4100 m) for prototype tests in real conditions. In this contribution we will describe manufacturing and construction details of the first SWGO prototype WCD. These details were envisaged to facilitate: the transport of the units, the assembly, the deployment and maintenance activities of the detectors. Furthermore, the units need to be resistant to strong winds, rain, snow and earthquakes.The costs are scalable with the detector volume. This information could be of interest to other Observatories that are in RD phase, such as the Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS) for the study of the highest-energy particles in the Universe and the Tau Air Shower Mountain-Based Observatory (TAMBO) for the search of PeV neutrinos.

Original language	English
Article number	803
Journal	Proceedings of Science
Volume	444
State	Published - 27 Sep 2024
Event	38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023 - Nagoya, Japan Duration: 26 Jul 2023 → 3 Aug 2023

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Cite this

@article{1a689242b1314186bd52c311d56c7227,

title = "Manufacture Details of a SWGO Double-Layer Tank Design - Water Cherenkov Detector Prototype",

abstract = "Water-Cherenkov detectors (WCD) have been manufactured in Australia by the company AQUAMATE as part of the RD activities for SWGO. They consist of a steel tank frame with a bladder on its interior satisfying the SWGO double-layer tank design. Tanks and bladders have been custom designed to optimally accommodate the bladder inside the tank and with minimal material usage. They are delivered in compact boxes that are easy to transport. These boxes are designed to fit 24 tanks in a 20-foot container. The double-layer tank design has introduced new features to improve the discrimination between gamma-rays and cosmic rays. Some of these features created challenges for the manufacturing. Some units have been delivered to one of Peru{\textquoteright}s candidate sites at 4800 m and to Mexico (the HAWC Observatory, 4100 m) for prototype tests in real conditions. In this contribution we will describe manufacturing and construction details of the first SWGO prototype WCD. These details were envisaged to facilitate: the transport of the units, the assembly, the deployment and maintenance activities of the detectors. Furthermore, the units need to be resistant to strong winds, rain, snow and earthquakes.The costs are scalable with the detector volume. This information could be of interest to other Observatories that are in RD phase, such as the Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS) for the study of the highest-energy particles in the Universe and the Tau Air Shower Mountain-Based Observatory (TAMBO) for the search of PeV neutrinos.",

author = "\{SWGO Collaboration\} and Jos{\'e} Bellido and Michael Schneider and P. Abreu and A. Albert and R. Alfaro and A. Alfonso and C. {\'A}lvarez and Q. An and Ang{\"u}ner, \{E. O.\} and C. Arcaro and R. Arceo and S. Arias and H. Arnaldi and P. Assis and \{Ayala Solares\}, \{H. A.\} and A. Bakalova and \{Barres de Almeida\}, U. and I. Batkovi{\'c} and J. Bazo and J. Bellido and E. Belmont and BenZvi, \{S. Y.\} and A. Bernal and W. Bian and C. Bigongiari and E. Bottacini and P. Brogueira and T. Bulik and G. Busetto and Caballero-Mora, \{K. S.\} and P. Camarri and S. Campos and W. Cao and Z. Cao and Z. Cao and T. Capistr{\'a}n and M. Cardillo and E. Carquin and A. Carrami{\~n}ana and C. Castromonte and J. Chang and O. Chaparro and S. Chen and M. Chianese and A. Chiavassa and L. Chytka and R. Colallillo and R. Concei{\c c}{\~a}o and G. Consolati and Rho, \{C. D.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.; 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023 ; Conference date: 26-07-2023 Through 03-08-2023",

year = "2024",

month = sep,

day = "27",

language = "English",

volume = "444",

journal = "Proceedings of Science",

issn = "1824-8039",

publisher = "Sissa Medialab Srl",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Manufacture Details of a SWGO Double-Layer Tank Design - Water Cherenkov Detector Prototype

AU - SWGO Collaboration

AU - Bellido, José

AU - Schneider, Michael

AU - Abreu, P.

AU - Albert, A.

AU - Alfaro, R.

AU - Alfonso, A.

AU - Álvarez, C.

AU - An, Q.

AU - Angüner, E. O.

AU - Arcaro, C.

AU - Arceo, R.

AU - Arias, S.

AU - Arnaldi, H.

AU - Assis, P.

AU - Ayala Solares, H. A.

AU - Bakalova, A.

AU - Barres de Almeida, U.

AU - Batković, I.

AU - Bazo, J.

AU - Bellido, J.

AU - Belmont, E.

AU - BenZvi, S. Y.

AU - Bernal, A.

AU - Bian, W.

AU - Bigongiari, C.

AU - Bottacini, E.

AU - Brogueira, P.

AU - Bulik, T.

AU - Busetto, G.

AU - Caballero-Mora, K. S.

AU - Camarri, P.

AU - Campos, S.

AU - Cao, W.

AU - Cao, Z.

AU - Capistrán, T.

AU - Cardillo, M.

AU - Carquin, E.

AU - Carramiñana, A.

AU - Castromonte, C.

AU - Chang, J.

AU - Chaparro, O.

AU - Chen, S.

AU - Chianese, M.

AU - Chiavassa, A.

AU - Chytka, L.

AU - Colallillo, R.

AU - Conceição, R.

AU - Consolati, G.

AU - Rho, C. D.

PY - 2024/9/27

Y1 - 2024/9/27

N2 - Water-Cherenkov detectors (WCD) have been manufactured in Australia by the company AQUAMATE as part of the RD activities for SWGO. They consist of a steel tank frame with a bladder on its interior satisfying the SWGO double-layer tank design. Tanks and bladders have been custom designed to optimally accommodate the bladder inside the tank and with minimal material usage. They are delivered in compact boxes that are easy to transport. These boxes are designed to fit 24 tanks in a 20-foot container. The double-layer tank design has introduced new features to improve the discrimination between gamma-rays and cosmic rays. Some of these features created challenges for the manufacturing. Some units have been delivered to one of Peru’s candidate sites at 4800 m and to Mexico (the HAWC Observatory, 4100 m) for prototype tests in real conditions. In this contribution we will describe manufacturing and construction details of the first SWGO prototype WCD. These details were envisaged to facilitate: the transport of the units, the assembly, the deployment and maintenance activities of the detectors. Furthermore, the units need to be resistant to strong winds, rain, snow and earthquakes.The costs are scalable with the detector volume. This information could be of interest to other Observatories that are in RD phase, such as the Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS) for the study of the highest-energy particles in the Universe and the Tau Air Shower Mountain-Based Observatory (TAMBO) for the search of PeV neutrinos.

AB - Water-Cherenkov detectors (WCD) have been manufactured in Australia by the company AQUAMATE as part of the RD activities for SWGO. They consist of a steel tank frame with a bladder on its interior satisfying the SWGO double-layer tank design. Tanks and bladders have been custom designed to optimally accommodate the bladder inside the tank and with minimal material usage. They are delivered in compact boxes that are easy to transport. These boxes are designed to fit 24 tanks in a 20-foot container. The double-layer tank design has introduced new features to improve the discrimination between gamma-rays and cosmic rays. Some of these features created challenges for the manufacturing. Some units have been delivered to one of Peru’s candidate sites at 4800 m and to Mexico (the HAWC Observatory, 4100 m) for prototype tests in real conditions. In this contribution we will describe manufacturing and construction details of the first SWGO prototype WCD. These details were envisaged to facilitate: the transport of the units, the assembly, the deployment and maintenance activities of the detectors. Furthermore, the units need to be resistant to strong winds, rain, snow and earthquakes.The costs are scalable with the detector volume. This information could be of interest to other Observatories that are in RD phase, such as the Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS) for the study of the highest-energy particles in the Universe and the Tau Air Shower Mountain-Based Observatory (TAMBO) for the search of PeV neutrinos.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85212269570

M3 - Conference article

AN - SCOPUS:85212269570

SN - 1824-8039

VL - 444

JO - Proceedings of Science

JF - Proceedings of Science

M1 - 803

T2 - 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

Y2 - 26 July 2023 through 3 August 2023

ER -

Manufacture Details of a SWGO Double-Layer Tank Design - Water Cherenkov Detector Prototype

Abstract

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