Is Prophylactic Tricuspid Annuloplasty Beneficial for Degenerative Mitral Valve Repair?

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical impacts of prophylactic tricuspid annuloplasty (TAP) in patients with mild tricuspid regurgitation (TR) who underwent mitral valve repair. Methods: One hundred fifty-one patients with mild TR who underwent mitral valve repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation between 1997 and 2013 were categorized into the TAP (n = 85) or no TAP (n = 66) groups. The indications for TAP were atrial fibrillation and tricuspid annular dilatation. The mean follow-up duration was 115.5 ± 48.6 months. Inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis and propensity score matching with 53 patients in each group were used to adjust for the baseline differences between the 2 groups. Results: There were no early mortalities in either group, and early morbidities, including heart block, were not different between the groups. Inverse probability of treatment weighting-adjusted survival analysis did not reveal any difference in overall survival (P = .862), freedom from cardiac-related mortality (P = .535), or major adverse valve-related events (P = .972) between the groups. There was no difference in late TR progression (moderate or greater) between the groups (P = .316). These results were consistent in the matched analysis. Conclusions: Prophylactic TAP in mild TR may not have a beneficial effect on TR progress in degenerative mitral regurgitation. Further large studies are necessary to define the role of prophylactic TAP in mild TR.