Injection-moulded lens form error prediction using cavity pressure and temperature signals based on k-fold cross validation

This article discusses the development of lens form error prediction models using in-process cavity pressure and temperature signals based on a k-fold cross-validation method. In a series of lens injection moulding experiments, the built-in-sensor mould is used, the in-process cavity pressure and temperature signals are captured and the lens form errors are measured. Then, three features including maximum pressure, holding pressure and maximum temperature are identified from the measured cavity pressure and temperature profiles, and the lens form error prediction models are formulated based on a response surface methodology. In particular, the k-fold cross-validation approach is adopted in order to improve the prediction accuracy. It is demonstrated that the lens form error prediction models can be practically used for diagnosing the quality of injection-moulded lenses in an industrial site.