Increasing nodal ratio is a poor prognostic factor for survival in stage III-IV (M0) gastric cancer patients who received curative surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy: A retrospective study

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in gastric cancer patients and to assess prognostic factors affecting relapse and survival. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 153 patients with Stage III-IV (M0) gastric cancer. The patients were given adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin chemotherapy after curative gastric resection with D2 dissection from November 1995 to November 2003. Chemotherapy consisted of cisplatin (60 mg/m² as 15 min i.v. infusion) and 5-fluorouracil (1200 mg/m2 as 12 h continuous i.v. infusion for 4 days) in every 21 days up to six cycles. Results: During a median follow-up period of 72.9 months (range: 2.0-135.0 months), a total of 105 patients relapsed (locoregional 19.0% vs. systemic 81.0%). The median diseasefree survival and overall survival were 19.8 and 32.2 months, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed T stage, TNM stage and lymph node ratio as prognostic factors for survival (P = 0.002, 0.0001 and, 0.0001, respectively). After stepwise selection of the factors, multivariate analysis confirmed the impact of the lymph node ratio and T stage on overall survival and disease-free survival. Conclusions: In patients with Stage III-IV (M0) gastric cancer, adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin chemotherapy was tolerable, but did not seem to confer survival advantage. And the lymph node ratio was found as an independent prognostic factor in this population. This evidence suggests that the clinical trial using more active chemotherapeutic agents is mandatory.