Increased risk of uterine leiomyoma among women with migraine in reproductive age

The association between uterine leiomyoma and migraine is unknown. This study aimed to explore the risk of uterine leiomyoma among women with migraine in reproductive age (i.e., 20–39 years). Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, a large population-based retrospective cohort of 2,559,111 women who underwent national health screening between 2009 and 2012 were analyzed. The risk of incident uterine leiomyoma according to the presence or absence of migraine was estimated using hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. During the mean follow‑up of 7.1 ± 1.4 years, the incidence rate of uterine leiomyoma in women with and without migraine was 9.78 and 8.50 per 1,000 person-years, respectively (n = 154,428). After adjusting for potential confounders, it was found that the risk of incident uterine leiomyoma was higher in women with migraine than in those without (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.07–1.13). Our findings suggest a comorbid association between migraine and uterine leiomyoma. Further studies are required to better understand the mechanisms underlying this association.