Impact of real-time continuous glucose monitoring and personalized digital health coaching on glycemic control and lifestyle in patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes

Objective This study evaluated the impact of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) combined with personalized digital health coaching on glycemic control and lifestyle behaviors in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and prediabetes. Method A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 110 participants recruited from a chronic disease management service. The participants underwent an 8-week intervention where CGM data were used to provide real-time feedback, complemented by personalized lifestyle coaching. Baseline and post-intervention data included fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle factors such as physical activity and eating habits. Participants were divided into tertiles based on mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) to evaluate the effects of the intervention by glycemic variability (GV) level. Results Significant improvements in glycemic control were observed across all tertiles. The highest GV group (T3) showed the greatest reductions in HbA1c (7.39 % to 6.82 %, p = 0.004) and FBG. The physical activity scores significantly increased in the T3 group (p = 0.005), and all tertiles reported healthier dietary habits following the intervention. Conclusions The integration of CGM with personalized digital health coaching was associated with significant short-term improvements in glycemic control and lifestyle behaviors, particularly among individuals with high GV.