Highly durable and conductive Korea traditional paper (Hanji) embedded with Ti₃C₂T_x MXene for Hanji-based paper electronics

Lightweight, low-cost, eco-friendly, and mechanically flexible Ti₃C₂T_x (MXene) electrodes require for paper electronics. We develop a highly durable and conductive traditional Korean paper (Hanji) covered with MXene for Hanji-based paper electronics. The effective networking of MXene on the cellulose structure of Hanji leads to a highly conductive and flexible Hanji which acts as a multi-functional paper for Hanji-based paper electronics. Owing to the synergetic combination of Hanji and MXene, the as-prepared Hanji/MXene exhibits a low sheet resistance of 0.62 Ohm square⁻¹, and outstanding mechanical stability without breaking the Hanji fibers. To further evaluate the potential of our Hanji/MXene composite, its performance in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, interconnectors, heaters, supercapacitors, and temperature sensor applications is investigated. Shielding and heater paper samples employing Hanji/MXene-based electrodes show an EMI shielding efficiency (EMI SE) of 43.3 dB and saturation temperature of 76 °C at a low voltage of 3 V. Moreover, the Hanji/MXene-based supercapacitors exhibit a capacitance of 139.6 mF cm⁻² at a current density of 1 mA cm⁻². Furthermore, the Hanji/MXene-based temperature sensors exhibit an effective sensing performance over a wide temperature range. Overall, the successful operation of Hanji-based EMI shielding devices, interconnectors, heaters, supercapacitors, and temperature sensors indicates that Hanji/MXene serves as a promising conductive paper substrate for multi-functional paper electronics.