High-resolution CT and pathologic findings of noninfectious pulmonary complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

The diagnostic approach to noninfectious pulmonary complications in the HSC transplantation recipient remains a challenge for several reasons: the current increase in both the number of HSC transplantation recipients and their length of survival, the high frequency of lung disease in these patients, and the severity of these lung diseases. A combination of the clinical information and high-resolution CT findings, which are sometimes characteristic of several entities, may help the radiologist in forming a meaningful differential diagnosis of these disorders. Familiarity with the appearance of more typical pulmonary complications should improve diagnosis and patient care.