Hemorrhagic Strokes

Most intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) are caused by hypertension, and thus can be regarded as hypertensive small-vessel diseases of the brain. Over the past several decades, hypertension control has improved in most countries, leading to a remarkable decrease in the incidence of ICH (along with hematoma size), resulting in fewer fatalities. Nonetheless, ICH is still a major cause of stroke in many parts of the world. Moreover, with an increasingly aging population, ICHs due to other causes (e.g., amyloid angiopathy or antithrombotic use) have also increased. Other possible causes of ICHs, such as vascular malformations, arteriovenous fistulae, vessel dissection, and venous disorders, should be appropriately diagnosed and managed. As hemorrhages in the posterior cranial fossa are associated with devastating clinical outcomes, early detection, appropriate diagnosis, and appropriate management of this condition should be emphasized.