From 3.8% to over 23.8% Power Conversion Efficiency: Commercial Perovskite Solar Cells, Significant Manufacturing Techniques, and Future Prospects

The advanced perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted due attention of the world research society for their high-efficiency achievement quickly. Also, the reduction of the efficiency of PSCs with an increase in the surface area being of much lesser extent makes PSCs more suitable for large-scale power generation and puts them at the top as the best alternative source of energy for the future. But the upscaling of perovskite solar cells, high power conversion efficiency, and optimum stability are also challenging factors towards the commercialization of this technology. Proper fabrication techniques for PSCs could be an essential factor for industrializing this advanced photovoltaic (PV) technology because the manufacturing technique may mitigate the instability tendency and increase the efficiency of the commercialized PSCs as per industrial needs. Generally, different solution processing methods and vapor techniques have been employed for upscaling the PSCs. Hence, this review article will discuss the effective manufacturing techniques and prospects of this emerging perovskite solar cell by summarizing the recent progress of large-area-based PSCs and various manufacturing techniques in detail.