Friction coefficient measurements on jumping ski patterned running surfaces

The tribological interaction between patterned running surfaces and an ice track was investigated. The friction coefficient was analyzed according to the patterned running surface type, ambient temperature, and rotational track velocity. The results were analyzed based on the structural characteristics of the patterned running surface in terms of average height and skewness. Generation of the water layer was visualized using transparent replicas of the patterned running surfaces. The water layer ratio was then calculated and compared with the friction coefficient. We found that the water layer either functioned as a lubricant or offered frictional resistance depending on the water layer ratio and the type of patterned running surfaces as the lubricating friction regime changed.