Extreme graphs on the Sombor indices

Gutman proposed the concept of Sombor index. It is defined via the term (formula presented), where d_F (v_i) is the degree of the vertex v_i in graph F. Also, the reduced Sombor index and the Average Sombor index have been introduced recently, and these topological indices have good predictive potential in mathematical chemistry. In this paper, we determine the extreme molecular graphs with the maximum value of Sombor index and the extremal connected graphs with the maximum (reduced) Sombor index. Some inequalities relations among the chemistry indices are presented, these topology indices including the first Banhatti-Sombor index, the first Gourava index, the Second Gourava index, the Sum Connectivity Gourava index, Product Connectivity Gourava index, and Eccentric Connectivity index. In addition, we characterize the graph where equality occurs.