Evaluation of MWCNT/PU sponge-based triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting mechanical energy

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can convert mechanical energy into electricity. They are good candidates for sustainable energy for growing power demands of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence. However, durability and stability of TENGs may decrease with repeated use. In this study, we proposed CNT sponges (CS) for producing TENGs with high durability and stability. First, a CS was fabricated by coating a polyurethane sponge with an ink made of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). The microstructure of the CS surface and the pore structure under compression were then analyzed to understand the working principle of CS-TENG. Finally, the output performance of the CS-TENG was verified as a function of external force and the durability of the CS-TENG was demonstrated through compression and cycle tests. Results indicate that CNT-based nanocomposites can be utilized to fabricate highly durable and stable TENGs.