Enhanced Multiplexed Sensor for the Quantification of Inflammatory-related Biomarkers to Identify Sepsis Stages

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with complex diagnosis and high mortality rates. Due to the high number of immune response biomarkers, it is complicated to identify the sepsis stage with so many targets and in a short period. To address this challenge, we developed and manufactured a multiplexed electrochemical device with the ability to detect three inflammatory-related biomarkers (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and procalcitonin (PCT)) in human samples. To enhance the device's sensitivity, we employ poly(L-arginine) (P(Arg))-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the working electrodes to improve stability and dispersion but also increases the surface area. The quantification of biotargets in human plasma samples is accomplished by measuring the responses using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Notably, the CNT-P(Arg) electrodes exhibit a strong correlation between the current peaks and the concentration of inflammatory-related biomarkers. The device shows a strong correlation between current peaks and biomarker concentrations. By analyzing the data and considering concentration limits, we can successfully identify the sepsis stage. This point-of-care device holds promise for rapid sepsis diagnostics and improved patient outcomes.