Endobronchial tuberculosis: Ct features

We analyzed the CT features of 22 patients with endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) showing segmental collapse and/or mass-like infiltrates. The CT findings of involved bronchi were bronchial stenosis with wall thickening or peribronchial cuff of soft tissue (n = 9), bronchial obstruction with peribronchial cuff or soft tissue (n = 7), bronchial involvement with tuberculous lymphadenitis (n = 5), or intraluminal lower density polypoid mass with narrowing (n = 1). Enhancement of the peribronchial cuff following intravenous contrast medium administration was noted in four of seven patients in the bronchial obstruction group. The parenchymal lesions distal to the bronchial lesion were segmental collapse, collapse with multiple low density areas (presumed caseous pneumonia), cavities, and round low density lesion (presumed mucoid impaction distal to an endobronchial obstruction). Ill-defined small nodular densities and larger confluent densities suggesting endobronchially disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis were found in the adjacent lung in 10 patients.