Effective dual-layer fabrication solution for the lateral axial failure of the electrode in lithium-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) necessitate well-balanced performance characteristics, high energy/power density, and cyclability. In order to optimize them, several types of active materials are mixed in the electrode. In this study, LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ (NCM333) with long cycle life and LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ (NCM811) with high energy density are controlled as a dual layer or a mixture to improve the electrochemical performance of the electrode. We discovered that during cycling, the active materials in the surface layer facing the electrolyte have less polarization. The state of charge is greater than the average value of the whole electrode. In this regard, the electrode's dual-layer coating, which consists of a top layer of NCM333 and a bottom layer of NCM811, is the optimal structure among the various NCM811 and NCM333 combinations used in electrodes. As the charging current increases, this lateral failure mode accelerates.