Direct Ink Writing (DIW) printed high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor based on 0D@2D silver-nanoparticles@MXene as anode and 0D@2D MnO₂-nanoparticles@MXene as cathode materials

The electrochemical performance of printed asymmetric supercapacitors can be improved by designing and implementing properly engineered anode and cathode electrode materials with enriched redox kinetics. However, the development of high-performance printed anode/cathode electrodes with three-dimensional (3D) structures is crucial task. Direct Ink Writing (DIW) is a versatile advanced manufacturing technology for developing 3D complex electrode architectures for efficient energy storage devices. In addition, replacing conventional electric double-layer capacitors as anode materials with redox-driven electrodes can significantly improve the specific capacitance and energy density of asymmetric supercapacitors. Herein, for the first time, we report a 0D@2D silver-nanoparticles@Ti₃C₂ DIW printed anode material for asymmetric supercapacitors. The Ag-NPs@Ti₃C₂ hybrid material contributes a high-specific capacitance of 368.56 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 1 A g⁻¹ with a minimum specific capacitance of 233.84 F g⁻¹ at 10 A g⁻¹. To assemble the asymmetric supercapacitor device, 0D@2D MnO₂@Ti₃C₂ DIW printed cathode is implemented, which displays excellent electrochemical performance in terms of specific capacitance (474.45 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹). In the existence of all-printed advanced anode (Ag@Ti₃C₂) and cathode (MnO₂@Ti₃C₂) materials, the asymmetric supercapacitor device shows a maximum energy density of 38.16 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 800 W kg⁻¹, with a capacitance retention of up to 91.27 % after 5000 cycles. Thus, the application of DIW printed electrode materials with optimum electrochemical contributions provides new avenues for the development of high-performance energy storage devices.