Conductive Korean Traditional Paper (Hanji) Coupled with Ag Nanowire for Functional Electronic Paper Windows in Hanok

Korean traditional paper known as Hanji is coupled with Ag nanowires (NWs) to be used as multi-functional paper windows in wooden flame doorsof a traditional Korean house (Hanok). The Ag NW is uniformly embedded in a handmade Hanji, consisting of multiple laminated sheets formed through ssangbal filtering up and spray method. The combination demonstrates a low sheet resistance of 28 Ohm square⁻¹ because of a percolating network structure of Ag NWs, which is apt for interconnectors and electrodes. Owing to the flexibility of the Hanji and Ag NWs, outstanding mechanical flexibility, apt for curved or flexible electronic paper windows, is observed. To further examine the potential of the multi-functional electronic paper window, anti-bacterial and electromagnetic interference shield properties of the Hanji are also investigated. It is noted that the functional Hanji sterilizes 99.9% of staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia and shows 15 dB (12–18 GHz) shielding efficiency due to the existence of the metallic Ag NWs network. In addition, successful operation of Hanji-based interconnectors, thin film heaters, and touch panels demonstrates that the Hanji-based electronic paper window can be used as a device-integrated paper window in traditional Hanok or oriental traditional houses.