Charge-Accumulating-Flutter-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator via Discharge Gateway

For triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), achieving both high root-mean-square (RMS) current output and portability remains a challenge. Here, a charge-accumulating-flutter-based triboelectric nanogenerator (CAF-TENG) with ultrahigh RMS current and average power density/portability is proposed. Because of the electron accumulation/discharge mechanism and electrical/mechanical flutter device design, the CAF-TENG can generate an RMS voltage, RMS current, and average power density of 44 V, 36 mA, and 26 mW cm⁻³, respectively. The CAF-TENG is optimized via quantitative electrical/mechanical analysis. CAF-TENG can power an array of 2000 commercial LEDs continuously and charge high-capacitance capacitors/commercial lithium batteries. Furthermore, as a practical application, a mask-valve-integrated CAF-TENG is fabricated, which can power eight commercial lamps (5 W) continuously and operate a commercial Bluetooth tracker by charging a capacitor in a daily respiration scenario.