A Review on Scaling Up Perovskite Solar Cells

Power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been boosted to 25.5% among the highest efficiency for single-junction solar cells, making PSCs extremely promising to realize industrial production and commercialization. Scaling up PSCs to fabricate efficient perovskite solar modules (PSMs) is the fundamental for applications. Here, present progresses on scaling up PSCs are reviewed. The structure design for PSMs is discussed. Various scalable methods and related morphology control strategies for large-area uniform perovskite films are summarized. Potential charge transport materials and electrode materials together with their scalable methods for low-cost, efficient, and stable PSMs are also summarized. Besides, current attempts on encapsulation for improving stability and reducing lead leakage are introduced, and the calculated cost and environment influence of PSMs are also outlined.