A review of developments and challenges in advanced anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have attracted significant attention as a promising technology for clean and efficient energy conversion, owing to their high efficiency, fuel flexibility, and minimal environmental footprint. The performance of anode materials remains a crucial factor limiting the operation and long-term stability of these devices. Intensive research has focused on addressing these challenges to advance the overall performance and viability of SOFC technology. This review provides a comprehensive account of recent progress in the development of advanced anode materials for SOFCs. It details the essential requirements for anode materials, including superior electronic and ionic conductivity, effective catalytic activity for fuel oxidation, and chemical compatibility with other cell components. The review aims to deliver an in-depth assessment of the current state of anode material research and offers perspectives on the future development of solid oxide fuel cell technology.