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A Novel Approach towards the Search for Gamma-ray Emission from the Northern Fermi Bubble with HAWC

  • HAWC Collaboration
  • Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • University of Utah
  • Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Universidad Autonoma de Chiapas
  • Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • Michigan Technological University
  • Polish Academy of Sciences
  • NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
  • University of Rochester
  • University of Maryland, College Park
  • Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica Optica y Electronica
  • Instituto Politécnico Nacional
  • Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla
  • Universidad de Guadalajara
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Catholic University of America
  • National Aeronautics and Space Administration
  • Instituto Tecnologico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey
  • University of Seoul

Research output: Contribution to journalConference articlepeer-review

Abstract

The Fermi bubbles are structures observed in gamma rays at GeV energies, emanating from the central region of our galaxy and extending up to 8.5 kpc above and below the galactic plane. While initial studies showed a flat brightness across the entire structure, more recent work found a brightening at the base. We perform a template-based search for TeV signals from the northern Fermi bubble and just from the base of it in data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory. We employ a profile likelihood approach to calculate the significance and flux from the search regions. With no significant signal from the northern Fermi bubble and its base, we report new upper limits on the integral flux at 95% confidence level. Our integral flux upper limits for the northern Fermi bubble are more constraining than the previous limits reported by HAWC. Moreover, we present, for the first time, TeV limits pertaining to the base of the bubble which constitutes a more fair comparison to Fermi Large Area Telescope data points close to this particular region.

Original languageEnglish
Article number850
JournalProceedings of Science
Volume395
StatePublished - 18 Mar 2022
Externally publishedYes
Event37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021 - Virtual, Berlin, Germany
Duration: 12 Jul 202123 Jul 2021

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